Dadaism and Surrealism had a direct impact on many of the Beats: Dadaism with its attack on the elitism of high culture and its celebration of spontaneity;
Surrealism with its transformation of the Dadaist rebellion into positive social intentions and its focus on revelations from the subconscious.
Both movements, in a sense, developed as a reaction to World War I, just as the Beat Generation was reacting to the environment of post-World War II America.
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